Method and apparatus for manufacture of pipe



A.. A. PAULY. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURE OF PIPE.

A'PPUCATIONIILED NOV. 14'. I916.

Patented Dec. 28

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. A. PAULY. METHOD AND APPARATUS fOR MANUFACTURE OF PIPE.

I APPLICATION FILED NOV. H, 1.91.6. I 1,363,912. j Patented Dec.28,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

now

an r/I/I/m miiiE'ITir III/4 UNITED STATES ALBERT A. PAULY, or CLEVELAND, 01110.

" METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURE OF PIPE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 28, 1920.

Application filed November 14, 1916. Serial No. 131,291.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALBERT A. PAULY, a

citizen of the United States, and resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Method and Appara tus for Manufacture of Pipe, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to themolding of concrete and other cementitious materials and more particularly to the manufacture of plpe.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus for manufacturing pipe having a bell-end and side outlet.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method for the manufacture of reinforced pipe, either with or without the bell-end and with or without the side outlet.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved form of apparatus adapted to make either straight or bell-end pipe, with or without reinforcement.

Other objects and the features of novelty will become apparent from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which;

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through an apparatus embodying my invention and adapted to the manufacture of pipe according to my improved method;

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of parts shown in Fig. 1 and as seen from the plane l1"-;

'Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section, similar to Fig. 1, and showing a slight modification;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2'but showing another modification;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section of a pipe and the core which forms the side outlet;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a reinifotrcement for pipes which have no side outforoement for pipes having a side outlet;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a device for supporting a side-outlet core in a pipe not provided with reinforcement;

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the pipe represented in Fig. 5 and with the branch in Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a reinposition thereon.

The novel method of maln'ng pipe will be disclosed in connection with the apparatus illustrated in the drawings and referring to Fig. 1, it will be observed that the apparatus comprises a mold 20, which is supported on tracks 21 and 22 by means of axles 21' and wheels 21". The axles 21 have thereon eccentrics 22 which are arranged in boxes 22" on the ends of the mold 20, there being an axle on each end of the mold, although but one appears in the drawing. By rotating the axles, theeccentrics 22 will cause the mold to be raised and lowered and, in order to have both ends of the mold move in unison, the axles are geared together, as by sprockets 23, fast on the axles, and a chain 23'. Rotation of the axles may be effected by means of a handle 23". The tracks 21 and 22 may be supported in any suitable manner, as by brackets 24:.

The mold 20 may be arranged to make several lengths .of pipe at the same time and in Fig. 1 spaces for two lengths are shown.

-These mold spaces are between the walls 25 and the cores 26. Steam or other heating medium is supplied to the spaces 27, which surround the walls 25, by means of a pipe 28, this pipe having a branch 29 which supplies the heating medium to the interior of the cores 26. The mold shown in Fig. 1 adapted to make the pipe shown in Fig. 8,

either with orwithout a reinforcement, the

latter being illustrated in Fig. -1 at 30, and

beingsubstantially of the form illustrated in Fig. 10. I prefer to provide this reinforcement with inwardly projecting wires 31, p

which are adapted to engage with the cylindrical cores 26 and position the reinforcement at the proper place inthe mold space, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

It will. be observed that the lower end of the mold spaces are enlarged as indicated at or slide 34 slidably arranged on the bottom thereof and provided with openings 35 in registration wit-l1 the mold space, surrounding the core 33. Each mold space is provided with a plunger 36 and all of the plungers of the mold may be connected with a common cross-head 37 by means of the rods 38. Any suitable means, such as the wellknown hydraulic plunger, may be employed for moving the cross-head 37.

scribed. At one side of the box 39 is The mold 20 is shown in position on a box 39 from which the material, of which the pipe is formed, is forced upwardly into the molds. The'box 39 constitutes a filling chamber and has arranged on the upper side thereof a grid or slide 40, provided with openings 41 which register with the openings in the slide 34. The slide may be provided with lips 42, which engage suitable grooves in the side walls of the box 39 for the purpose of securely holding the slide against the upward pressure of the material, when the latter is being forced into the mold, as will be hereinafter dea supply box 43 which has communication with the interior of the box 39 through the openng 44. The box 43 is shown diagrammatically on account of the space limitations of the drawing but has a plunger 45 Which may be actuated by the hydraulic cylinder-46, in the usual manner. v

The box 39 is provided with one or more plungers 47, according to the number of compartments therein, and these plungers are connected with a cross-head 48 by rods 49, the cross-head being actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 50 in the well-known manner. The lower part of the box 39, below the plungers 47 may be used as an oil reservolr in accordance with the principles of as described in supply heating as described and application No. 17,457, filed The plungers 47 are shown diagrammatically but it will be understood that these will be provided with packin my application No. 17,457, for the purpose of lubricating the walls of the box 39. It will sometimes be desirable to provide cores 51 in the box 39 and to medium to these cores for the purpose of preliminarily heating the material before it is forced into the molds. This heating medium may be supplied by means of a pipe 52. The opening 44 may be closed, when the plungers 47 are above the opening, by means of a'plate 53 which is carried by one of the phmger's. In order my earlier invention, clalmed 1n my to prevent the material from getting be tween the slide 40 and the upper edge of the walls of the box 39, packing 54 may be provided, this packing containing a lubricant which will not only prevent the material from sticking to the slide but will also facilitate the movement of the latter.

In order to lubricate the plungers 36 of the mold 20 the latter may be provided with an upstanding flange 55 to form on the top wall of the mold a receptacle for oil. The plungers 36 will be provided with packing in accordance with the disclosure in my application 17,457, aforesaid, and by having the rods 36 loosely fit the openings 56 the oil will flow downwardly along the rods onto the plungers 36 so that when the latter are recip-rocated through the molds the oil will thoroughly lubricate the mold surfaces.

The mode of operation of the apparatus above described is as follows:

\Vith' the plungers 36 at the top of the mold spaces and the reinforcements 30 in position with their lower ends resting on the cores 33 and-the latter resting 011 the slide 34, the molds are ready to receive the material. The plungers 47 are moved upwardly and force the material from the box 39 through the openings in the slides 34 and 40, into the mold spaces, the material being forced through the meshes of the reinforcement and into intimate contact with all parts of the latter. Any air or water that may be trapped in the mold spaces will also serving to show when the molds are filled onaccount of the material filling the openings. The heat from the jackets 27 and cores 26 quickly sets the material and as soon as the material reaches a condition where it will retain its molded shape, which will be after a lapse of three or four minutes, the slide 34 is withdrawn and the plungers 36 actuated to force the pipes from the molds. It will be understood that upon the completion of the filling operation the slide 34 is shifted to close the bottom of mold spaces and the handle 23" moved to raise the mold 20 from the box 39, the mold being then moved along the tracks 21 and 22 to a position where the pipes are ejected. The cores 33 are stripped from the cores 26 as the pipes are ejected from the molds and, in order to reinforce the bell-end of the pipe and also support the weight of the pipe, the cores 33 are allowed to remain in the pipes until the material has hardened sufficiently to permit the pipes to be handled, which will be after a lapse of from one to three days. pipes, after they have been ejected from the molds, to a curing chamber wherein they are subjected to a hot humid atmosphere during the hardening process.

The lubrication of the surfaces of the molds, with which the material .comes in contact, prevents the material from sticking to the mold surfaces and also enables the pipes to "be easily ejected. The cores 33 are preferably made of metal and may be prevented from sticking by thoroughly oiling the surfaces. In Fig. 7, I have illustrated a core member consisting of a hollow ring 57 which is filled with waste or other absorbent material 58 and provided with perforations 59 through which the oil may pass. A supply of the rings 57 may be kept on hand and by submerging them in oil the absorbent material 58 will take up oil which will later seep out through the perforations 59 and thus lubricate the surfaces of the ring. After each cast the material which has filled the openings 20 may be readily removed by means of a pin of suitable size which is pushed through the openin s.

Feferring to Fig. 3. it will be observed that the lower enlarged portion of the mold space. which forms the bell-end in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, has a ring60 arranged therein and secured by means of one or more set screws 61. The ring 60 preferably has the same inside diameter as the wall of the mold and is thus adapted to make strai ht lengths of pipe without the bell-end. In this arrangement the reinforcements 30 rest on the slide 34:.

In Fi 2, I have illustrated a modification of Fig. 1 whereby a side outlet may be formed in a pipe having a bell-end. For this purpose a core 62 is arranged in the reinforcement, as is clearly shown in Fig. 11. The core 62 being carried by the reinforcement, may be readily positioned in the mold and remain in position in the pipe until the' latter has hardened sufliciently to be handled. The core 62 should be lubricated and in Fig. 4: I have illustrated one device adapted to accomplish this result. This comprises a metal core. the interior of which is filled with an absorbent material 63 from which the oil seeps through openings 6-1 to the outer surface of the core. It may frequently be desired to provide a shoulder in the side outlet against which the end of a branch pipe may abut for the purpose of positioning the branch pipe. This shoulder, which is shown in Fig. 4 at 65, may be readily provided by forming the core 62 with a shoulder as shown.

When it is desired to have the side outlet arranged at an angle or inclined to the axis of the pipe. the core, which forms the side outlet. may be made as shown in Fig. 5, the core 66 illustrated. being similar to the core shown in Fig. 4, except that its axis is inclined relatively to the axis of the pipe.

In small sizes of pipe it is customary to omit the reinforcement and when it is desired to provide the side outlet in the small pipes a device such as illustrated in Fig. 12 may be employed. this consisting of a rin 67 which is positioned in the mold by means of wires 68, four of these wires being shown and they being of proper length to support the ring 67 where the outlet is desired. The core 62 may be placed in the ring 67 and when the pipe is finished the ring 67 and wires 68 will be permanent therein.

In Fig. 9 I have illustrated a straight pipe such as would be made with the apparatus as arranged in Fig. 3. and in Fig. 8 there is illustrated a pipe having a bell-end, such as would be made in the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1. In Fig. 13 there is shown a pipe with a Y-branch, the pipe being made as illustrated in Fig. 5 and the branch added later. This method simplifies the transportation of pipes which are to have Y-branches and also reduces the breakage loss since the branches may be placed in position in connection with the work of laying the pipe.

Having described the invention what is claimed is:

1. The herein-described method of making bell-ended pipe which consists in forcing fluid cementitious material into a suitablyshaped mold the walls of which are heated and oiled where in contact with the material, forming the recess in the bell-end by means of a core that is removed from the mold with the pipe, ejecting the pipe from the mold as soon as the material has set sufficiently to retain the molded shape, and removing the bell-end core after the material has become sufliciently hard to permit the pipe to be handled.

2. The herein-described method of making a reinforced pipe provided with a bell-end and a side outlet which consists in forcing fluid cementitious material into a suitablyshaped mold the walls of which are heated and oiled where in contact with the material, the reinforcement being supported in the mold and having thereon a suitably-shaped core adapted to form the side outlet, forming the recess in the bell-end by means of a core that is removed from the mold with the pipe, ejecting thepipe from the mold as soon as the material has set sufficiently to retain the molded shape, and removing the bell-end core after the material has become sufliciently hard to permit the pipe to be handled.

3. The herein-described method of making a pipe, having a side outlet, which consists in forcing fluid cementitious material into a suitably-shaped mold the walls of which are heated and oiled where in contact with the material and wherein a suitably-shaped core adapted to form the side outlet is supported, ejecting the pipe'with the side outlet core therein from the mold as soon as the material has set sufficiently to retain the molded shape, and removing the side outlet core after the material has become sufficiently hard to permit the pipe to be handled.

consists in forcing fluid cementitious materialinto a suitably shaped mold, the walls of which are heated and oiled where in contact with the material, and wherein the reinforcement with a suitably-shaped core adapted to form the side outlet is supported, ejecting the pipe with the side outlet core therein, from the mold, as soon as the material has set sufficiently to retain the molded shape, and removing the side outlet core after the material has become sufiiciently hard to'permit the pipe to be handled.

5. The herein described method of making bell-ended pipe which consists in forcing fluid cementitious material into one end of a suitably shaped mold, heating and oiling the walls of said mold where and when they are in contact with the material, forming the recess in the bell end over a core in said mold and applying end pressure to said pipe causing it to be ejected by alongitudinal sliding movement from the other end of said mold while carrying with it the core held in place in the recess of the bell-end after the material has set sufficiently to maintain the molded shape.

6., T he herein described method of making cylindrical pipes with bell-ends which consists in forcing fluid cementitious material into the end of the cylindrical portion of the mold until it fills said mold in a compact mass to and including the other enlarged end forming the bell-end and over and against a removable core in said enlarged end to form the recess in the bell-end, maintaining the walls of said mold when and where in contact with said material in heated and lubricated condition, applying end pressure to said pipe after it has set sufiiciently to maintain unaided its molded shape to eject it by longitudinal movement larged end of the mold carrying with it the said core held by the material in the recess in the bell-end and removing the core after the material of the pipe has become sufliciently hard. to permit handling without In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ALBERT A. PAULY.

from the enbreaking. 

